Neohelicosporium
Neohelicosporium Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde
Index Fungorum number: IF 822045; Facesoffungi number: FoF 03570
Saprobic on decaying wood in freshwater or terrestrial habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata superficial, seated on a subiculum, solitary, scattered, subglobose, ellipsoidal-ovate, coriaceous, pale brown to dark brown, with a central ostiole, without setae. Peridium composed of cells of textura angularis, with inner cells pale brown and outer cells brown. Hamathecium comprising numerous, filiform, septate, branched pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical, pedicellate, apically rounded. Ascospores 2–3-seriate, fusiform, tapering towards rounded ends, straight or slightly curved, multi-septate, guttulate, hyaline, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous, helicosporous. Colonies on the substratum superficial, effuse, gregarious, white to light pink. Mycelium composed of partly immersed, partly superficial, hyaline to pale brown, septate, branched hyphae, with masses of crowded, glistening conidia. Conidiophores macronematous or macronematous, mononematous, erect, flexuous, cylindrical, branched or unbranched, septate, arising from creep hyphae, pale brown to brown, smooth-walled. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, mono- to polyblastic, integrated, sympodial, intercalary or terminal, cylindrical, with denticles, hyaline to brown, smooth-walled. Conidia solitary, acrogenous and/or acropleurogenous, helicoid, rounded at tip, multi-septate, guttulate, hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled. (Description from Lu et al. 2018)
Type species: Neohelicosporium parvisporum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde
Notes: Neohelicosporium was introduced by Lu et al. (2018a) for five freshwater species. Neohelicosporium differs from Helicosporium by its integrated, sympodial conidiogenous cells and acrogenous and/or acropleurogenous conidia (Lu et al. 2018b). Based on phylogeny and morphology, Lu et al. (2018b) transferred some species of Helicoma, Helicosporium and Tubeufia to Neohelicosporium. Two strains HKUCC 10235 and CBS 189.95 were temporarily named as Neohelicosporium sp. until new collections with molecular data are obtained (Lu et al. 2018b). All freshwater species were found from China and Thailand (see list below). Neohelicosporium ellipsoideum Y.Z. Lu et al. is the only freshwater species producing holomorph and N. irregulare Y.Z. Lu et al. is unique in producing two lengths of conidiophores (Lu et al. 2018b). Neohelicosporium species are variable in types of conidiophores and the size of conidia and conidiophores. (Notes from Lu et al. 2018)
List of freshwater Neohelicosporium species
Neohelicosporium acrogenisporum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 92: 228 (2018)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Lu et al. 2018b)
Neohelicosporium aquaticum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progr. 17(5): 639 (2017), [9] (2017)
Freshwater distribution: China (Lu et al. 2018a)
Neohelicosporium astrictum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 92: 230 (2018)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Lu et al. 2018b)
Neohelicosporium ellipsoideum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 92: 230 (2018)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Lu et al. 2018b)
Neohelicosporium guangxiense Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progr. 17(5): 639 (2017), [9] (2017)
Freshwater distribution: China (Lu et al. 2018a)
Neohelicosporium hyalosporum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progr. 17(5): 639 (2017), [11] (2017)
Freshwater distribution: China (Lu et al. 2018a)
Neohelicosporium irregulare Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 92: 235 (2018)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Lu et al. 2018b)
Neohelicosporium krabiense Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 92: 236 (2018)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Lu et al. 2018b)
Neohelicosporium parvisporum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progr. 17(5): 637 (2017)
Freshwater distribution: China (Lu et al. 2018a)
Neohelicosporium submersum H. Zhang, W. Dong & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity: 10.1007/s13225-020-00463-5, [214] (2020)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Dong et al. 2020)
Neohelicosporium taiwanense (C.H. Kuo & Goh) Y.Z. Lu & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 92: 246 (2018)
Basionym: Helicosporium taiwanense C.H. Kuo & Goh, Mycol. Progr. 17(5): 563 (2018)
Freshwater distribution: Taiwan, China (Kuo and Goh 2018)
Neohelicosporium thailandicum Y.Z. Lu, J.C. Kang & K.D. Hyde, Mycol. Progr. 17(5): 641 (2017), [11] (2017)
Freshwater distribution: Thailand (Lu et al. 2018a)
Key to freshwater Neohelicosporium species
1. Conidiophores micronematous.................................................................... 2
1. Conidiophores macronematous................................................................... 4
2. Conidia > 25 μm diam............................................................ N. hyalosporum
2. Conidia < 25 μm diam................................................................................. 3
3. Conidiophores up to 420 μm long............................................ N. parvisporum
3. Conidiophores 50–280 μm long................................................... N. astrictum
4. Conidiophores two different ranges of length............................... N. irregulare
4. Conidiophores only one range of length....................................................... 5
5. Conidiophores up to 74 μm long............................................. N. thailandicum
5. Conidiophores > 75 μm long....................................................................... 6
6. Holomorph............................................................................. N. ellipsoideum
6. Asexual morph........................................................................................... 7
7. Conidia < 32 μm diam................................................................ N. aquaticum
7. Conidia > 32 μm diam................................................................................. 8
8. Conidial filament > 5.5 μm wide.......................................... N. acrogenisporum
8. Conidial filament < 5.5 μm wide................................................................... 9
9. Maximum length of conidiophores < 150 μm long........................ N. krabiense
9. Maximum length of conidiophores > 150 μm long....................................... 10
10. Conidiogenous cells 10.5–16.5 μm long................................. N. guangxiense
10. Conidiogenous cells 2.2−3.7 μm long...................................... N. taiwanense
References
Dong W, Wang B, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, Raja HA, Tanaka K, Abdel-Wahab MA, Abdel-Aziz FA, Doilom M, Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Wanasinghe DN, Yu X-D, Wang G-N, Yang H, Yang J, Thambugala KM, Tian Q, Luo Z-L, Yang J-B, Miller AN, Fournier J, Boonmee S, Hu D-M, Nalumpang S, Zhang H (2020) Freshwater Dothideomycetes. Fungal Divers 105:319–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-020-00463-5
Kuo C-H, Goh T-K (2018) Two new species of helicosporous hyphomycetes from Taiwan. Mycol Prog 17:557–569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1384-7
Lu YZ, Boonmee S, Liu JK, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, Eungwanichayapant PD, Kang JC (2018a) Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses reveals Neohelicosporium gen. nov. and five new species of helicosporous hyphomycetes from aquatic habitats. Mycol Prog 17:631–646. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-017-1366-1
Lu YZ, Liu JK (Jack), Hyde KD, Jeewon R, Kang JC, Fan C, Boonmee S, Bhat DJ, Luo ZL, Lin CG, Eungwanichayapant PD (2018b) A taxonomic reassessment of Tubeufiales based on multi-locus phylogeny and morphology. Fungal Divers 92:131–344. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0411-y
Recent Genus
1Neochlamydotubeufia
Neohelicomyces
Recent Species
Neohelicomyces submersusNeohelicomyces hyalosporus
Neohelicomyces grandisporus